Curriculum Committee

Curriculum Committee (2004-05 annual report)

Membership of the Committee:

Dr. Jim Barrier Biology
Dr. Valerie Bullock, Vice-Chair Music
Dr. Don Dowless Dean, College of Humanities and Social Sciences
Dr. John Duncan Dean, School of Business
Dr. Rebecca Hanckel Physical Sciences
Mrs. Sandra Hughes Library
Dr. Jeryl Johnson Dean, College of Science and Mathematics
Dr. Marian Larisey, Chair Dean, School of Nursing
Dr. Gary Leonard Dean, School of Education
Mr. Thomas Palmer Kinesiology
Dr. Susan Styles Behavioral Sciences
Dr. Mela Wyeth Business and Economics
Dr. Scott Yarbrough English
Dr. Ken Bonnette Provost
Mr. Rex Nestor Registrar
Mrs. Annie Watson Academic Advising (non-voting)
Mrs. Sandra Payne Recording Secretary (non-voting)
Registrar’s Office

Number of Meetings: 6 Scheduled Monthly Meetings, 2 Called Meetings (August and March), and 1 Organizational Meeting to Elect a Chair and Vice-Chair (no minutes recorded)

Actions Taken by the Curriculum Committee:

1. Approved Maymester 2005 Projects and Special Topic/Advanced Topic Courses:

Projects
Introductory Biological Science (Biology)
Study Abroad: Central Europe in Transition) (Business, Travel Abroad)
Designing Interactive Web Pages for Database Management Using LANSA for iSeries (COINS)
Introduction to Information Technology (COINS, approved for LAC)
Advanced Acting (Communication and Theatre)
Legal Aspects of Entomology and Toxicology (Criminal Justice)
Introduction to Gothic Literature (English)
Essentials of Strength and Conditioning (Kinesiology)
Introduction to Forensic Nursing (Nursing)
Psychological Disorders in Popular Film (Psychology)
Psychology of Health and Healing (Psychology)
The Deaf Experience (Religion)
Logic and Critical Thinking (Religion)

Special Topic/Advanced Topic Courses
Crime and Violence in the Sports World (Criminal Justice, on-line)) Organized Crime (Criminal Justice)
Race and Ethnic Relations (Sociology)

2. Approved Spring 2005 Special Topic/Advanced Topic Courses:

Computer Crime and the Law (Criminal Justice, on-line)
Women’s Literature (English)
The American Presidency (History)
Jazz Improvisation I (Music)

3. Approved Summer 2005 Special Topic/Advanced Topic Courses:

Drug Dosage Calculation Review (Nursing)
Criminal Justice and the Media (Criminal Justice)
The Professional Thief: Qualitative Research Explored (Criminal Justice)
Criminological Pioneers: Past and Present (Criminal Justice)
Cross-Cultural Teaching and Learning in Ghana, West Africa (Education, study abroad)
Advanced Survey of English Literature (English, study abroad)
Classics of World Literature (English)
Linguistics and Literature (English)
Introduction to Mathematical Reasoning (Mathematics)
Issues and Ethics in the Helping Profession (Psychology)

4. Approved Fall 2005 Special Topic/Advanced Topic Courses:

Introduction to Business (Business)

5. Approved change to Policy R-52 Transfer Credit Policy for English 111

New Policy: The CSU Office of the Registrar will escrow English 111 transfer credit until the student has passed the EPE. Transfer credit for higher-level English courses will not be escrowed. Any student whose verbal score on the SAT or score on the ACT indicate that the student would have been accepted at CSU as a “regular admittance” student in English will be exempted from the exam. Students who have not submitted SAT or ACT scores or whose SAT/ACT scores are not high enough to be regularly admitted in English must take the EPE.

6. Approved and affirmed the majors offered at Charleston Southern University (see attached).

7. Approved deletion of all Associate Degrees with no Associate Degrees to be awarded after May 2006.

8. Approved Bachelor of Technology cognate areas and oversight:

a. Approved cognate areas of the BT degree will consist of the following: Business, Computer Science, Criminal Justice, Information Systems
b. Form a committee to oversee the student assessment/improvement of the BT degree and to suggest changes for improvement to the BT Committee (School of Business Dean, College of Humanities/social Sciences Dean, College of Science and Mathematics Dean, and Registrar). It was recommended that this new committee could generate two or three common assessment goals for the BT in addition to goals germane to the cognate area of their BT degree.

9. Approved deletion of the Environmental Management major in the School of Business.

10. Approved change of Computer Science/Mathematics major to Computer Science major.

11. Approved changes in Foundation Studies Program:

a. Credit for ENGL 099 and MATH 099 will be changed from 0 to 3 semester hours
b. The credit will not count toward any degree and will not satisfy any Liberal Arts Core requirement, any major or minor requirement, or graduation requirement including general elective.
c. The 3 semester hours awarded is “institutional credit” and will be reflected on the transcript.
d. The courses will be graded on a Pass/Fail basis as current practiced. All other requirements and restrictions as stated in the 2004-2005 catalog will continue.
e. Statement will be added to the course description for each course: Course does not count toward any degree program or graduation requirement.
f. Students who have English credit beyond ENGL 099 and/or Math credit beyond MATH 099 are not eligible to take these courses.
g. Policy for awarding credit will be implemented in Spring 2005.
h. Any additional proposals recommended by the FSP faculty regarding changes in course numbering, course descriptions, etc. will be submitted to the Curriculum Committee.

As part of the approval of these changes, GPA calculation, financial aid implications, and NCAA requirements were discussed and clarified.

12. Approved new courses:

BUSI 304 Business Communication
BUSI 306 Web Design
BUSI 319 Project Management
BUSI 493 Accounting Internship
COIN 211 Introduction to Computers for Business Applications
COIN 215 Introduction to Information Technology
COIN 332 Applied Networking
COIN 333 Applied Systems
COIN 334 User-Interface Programming
COIN 496 Senior Project Portfolio Review
COMM 218 Stagecraft and Design
COMM 101-104 Theatre Seminar
EDUC 381 Strategies for Planning Curriculum and Assessment
GNED 103 Strategies for Academic Success
MATH 231 Discrete Structures
RELI 352 Ministry to Children and Family
RELI 353 Youth Ministry Programming

13. Approved deletion of courses:

BUSI 451 Managerial Accounting
COIN 331 Applied Networks and Operating Systems
COMM 348 Musical Theatre
FREN 422 Eighteenth-Century French Literature
FREN 455 Modern French Poetry
FRLG Oral and Written English Translation
SOCI 350 Corrections

14. Approved changes in Business Administration

Add: Admission to the Professional Program in the School of Business and Economics
In order to pursue the Bachelor of Science in Business Administration, the Bachelor of Arts in Business Administration, or the Bachelor of Science in Economics, a student must be admitted to the Professional program in the School of Business. Students seeking admission to the Professional Program in Business and Economics and seeking permission to take 300/400 level business and economics courses must have at a minimum:

1. Completed 45 hours of course work, exclusive of Foundation Studies Program courses,
2. A 2.0 grade point average on all courses to be credited towards the degree,
3. Completed the following courses:
The required math class for the degree sought
ENGL 111
ENGL 112
COIN 209 or another approved computer course
BUSI 211*
BUSI 212*
BUSI 222*
ECON 211
ECON 212

*Students majoring in Economics are not required to take BUSI 211, 212, and 222

Prior to admission to the Professional Program, the department chair may approve on transitional semester during which a student may enroll in 300/400 level business and economics courses while completing the pre-professional requirements. In order to qualify for a transitional semester, students majoring in Business Administration must have satisfactorily completed at least four of the six required pre-professional courses that they are required to take.

Admission to the University does not guarantee admission to the Professional Program in the School of Business and Economics.

Non-degree seeking students who desire to take 300/400 level courses may do so if they meet the general admission requirements of the University and have been granted permission to take the courses by the Dean or Department Chair.

Add new courses:
BUSI 304 Business Communication
BUSI 306 Web Design
BUSI 319 Project Management
BUSI 493 Accounting Internship

Delete course:
BUSI 451 Managerial Accounting

BA Degree changes:
Change Major Studies hours from 36 to 42 to include:
BUSI 211, 212, 222, 223, 304, 305, 313, 314, 317, 481, 485, ECON 212, 224. Select one from: SOCI 201, PSYC 200, ENGL 450, or an approved foreign language

BS Degree changes:
Delete minor requirement for degree

Change title of Emphasis: Information Systems to Management Information Systems

Change Major Studies hours from 36 to 42 to include:
BUSI 211, 212, 222, 223, 304, 305, 313, 314, 317, 345, 481, 485, ECON 212, 224

Change Emphases hours from a minimum of 12 to a minimum of 21:
Accounting: BUSI 321, 322, 417, and 4 of the following: BUSI 409, 418, 425, 428, 470, 490, COIN 419

Finance: BUSI 446, ECON 414, 452 and 4 of the following: BUSI 315, 321, 322, 409, 412, 417, 418, 490, ECON 311, 421

Management Information Systems: COIN 217 or 235, 419, 495, and at least 4 of the following: BUSI 306, 319, 439, 459, COIN 217, 235, 252, 325, 331

Management: BUSI 318, 455, 411 and at least 4 of the following: BUSI 315, 332, 341, 409, 412, 421, 461, 474, 475, 490, ECON 412, 452

Marketing: BUSI 404, 432, 452 and at least 4 of the following: BUSI 315, 332, 341, 352, 412, 421, 455, 474, 490, ECON 314

15. Approved changes in Communication and Theatre:

Add new courses:
COMM 218 Stagecraft and Design
COMM 101-104 Theatre Seminar

Delete course:
COMM 348 Musical Theatre

Add additional course number options for Theatre Production Workshop to include 296-299. 3 hours required towards Theatre Emphasis, may be repeated for general elective credit.

Major changes:
Remove COMM 110 Public Speaking from the major core
Increase Theatre Emphasis from 15 to 18 hours
Increase Communication Emphasis from 15 to 18 hours
Major requirements would remain 30 hours

Minor changes:
Remove COMM 110 Public Speaking from minor requirements
Minor would be 18 hours in addition to COMM 110

16. Approved changes in Computer Science:

Add new courses:

COIN 211 Introduction to Computers for Business Applications
COIN 215 Introduction to Information Technology
COIN 332 Applied Networking
COIN 333 Applied Systems
COIN 334 User-Interface Programming
COIN 496 Senior Project Portfolio Review

Delete course:
COIN 331 Applied Networks and Operating Systems

Change course descriptions:
COIN 315 and COIN 497 (see February 8, 2005 minutes)

Major Studies change:
COIN 315, 325, 330, 332, 333, 415, 431, 495, 496, 497, 498, 499 and five (5) approved hours at the 300 level or above
MATH 213 or 346 and 347, 222, 231, 326 or 321, 330

Total hours do not change. Change reflects a shift in hours from approved hours at the 300 level or above to new math requirements.

17. Approved changes in Education:

Add new course:
EDUC 381 Strategies for Planning Curriculum and Assessment

Change in Major Requirement for Social Studies Education (Broad Field Concentration)
Add PSYC 200 as a Major Requirement for Social Studies Education (Broad Field Concentration) which includes Economics, History, Political Science and Sociology. This increases the hours from 48 to 51.

18. Approved changes in English:

Change course number:
Old ENGL 454 Literary Criticism
New ENGL 354 Literary Criticism

19. Approved changes in Management Arts (Bachelor of Management Arts degree):

Catalog change: BMA program to be listed separately from the School of Business and Economics in the catalog

Change cohort admission requirements:
Pre-BMA students reflect a student applying to CSU for the BMA program with fewer than 12 credit hours of CSU Liberal Arts Core.

Admission to the BMA program reflects a student who has 12 or more credit hours of the Liberal Arts Core including ENGL 111, ENGL 112, MATH 105, and COIN 209

Math core: If students entering CSU have taken MATH 120 Probability and Statistics at a SC Technical College, take a Math placement test and place into MATH 111, they would be given three (3) credits for the math core for the BMA degree only. Students who do not place into MATH 111 will be required to take MATH 105. Students may elect not to take the Math placement test and take MATH 105.

20. Approved changes in Mathematics:

Add new course:
MATH 231 Discrete Structures

Change course title and course description:
Old MATH 330 Discrete Mathematics to new Introduction to Advanced Mathematics (see February 8, 2005 minutes for new course description)

21. Approved changes in Music Therapy:

Deletion of courses (total of 2 hours):
MUSI 367 01/91 and MUSI 368 01/91
Course descriptions for MUSI 361-366 would indicate “taken six times for one credit each” rather than “taken eight times for one credit each.”

Add 2 hours to existing curriculum:
Choose two out of the following three methods/technique classes: MUSI 237 Brass Techniques (1), MUSI 238 Woodwind Techniques (1), MUSI 239 String Techniques (1)

Change course titles:
Old MUSI 102 Introduction to Music Therapy to new Behavior Modification in Music Therapy
Old MUSI 151-152/52 MT Guitar Class Instruction to new Guitar Class Instruction for Music Therapists
Old MUSI 361-366/91 Music Therapy Clinical Lab to new Music Therapy Clinical Seminar

Change course descriptions (see January 11, 2005 minutes for new course descriptions):
MUSI 101, 102, 151-152/52, 361-366,369, 370, 464

Major Studies:
Music Performance, Instrumental and Voice category:
Primary Instrument changed from 8 hours to 6 hours, add 2 hours for Performance Electives

Add text to the catalog:
Advanced Standing: Advanced standing in music therapy is granted at the end of the sophomore year upon completion of MUSI 234, 235, and 236. A student must also demonstrate appropriate skills in 80% of the music therapy competencies designated for the sophomore year. These competencies are outlined in the music therapy program handbook. This advancement in standing will be identified on the competency forms that are completed by clinical supervisors at the end of the clinical semester for MUSI 364.

Dismissal From Program:
If a student fails to achieve 80% of the competencies outlined in the music therapy handbook per clinical semester, he or she will be given one semester to make up the deficits. If student does not make sufficient progress, student will be dismissed from the program. Also, if student is unable to successfully pass on the second attempt, a required class in the music therapy degree program, he or she will be dismissed from the program. Please refer to the music therapy program handbook for other related policies.

22. Approved changes in Nursing

Change in current statement under Progression in Nursing Program:
To remain in and progress in the Nursing program, students must earn a grade of “C” or better in each nursing course and maintain a University GPA of at least 2.0. A student who earns less than a “C” in a required nursing course will be allowed to repeat the course only once. Grades of D, F, W, WP, WF, FD, and FA constitute one attempt. Upon successful repeat with at least a grade of “C,” the student will be allowed to progress in the program. The student may not earn a grade of less than “C: in any other required nursing course without academic dismissal from the nursing program. If the repeat attempt is unsuccessful on the first nursing course in which a grade of less than “C” is earned, the student will be dismissed from the nursing program. All program requirements must be completed within 6 years of initial enrollment in the School of Nursing/Nursing major.

Add to Progression in the Nursing Program:
BIOL 345 Nutrition, EDUC 313 Introduction to Human Growth and Development, and PSYC/SOCI 301 Introduction to Behavioral Statistics are support courses for nursing courses. A grade of at least “C” is required in these courses in order to meet the prerequisite requirements of specific nursing courses. See course descriptions for details.

23. Approved changes in Psychology:

Change course title and description: Old PSYC 312 Psychological Testing to new Introduction to Psychological Testing (see minutes of October 14, 2004 for new course description and change in prerequisites)

24. Approved changes in Religion and Youth Ministry:

Add two new courses: RELI 352 Ministry to Children and Family
RELI 353 Youth Ministry Programming

Change course descriptions (see minutes of February 8, 2005 for new course descriptions):
RELI 111 Survey of the Old Testament
RELI 112 Survey of the New Testament

Change course title and description: Old RELI 315 History of Christian Missions to new History and Practice of Christian Missions (see minutes of September 16, 2004 for new course description)

Place RELI 352 Ministry to Children and Family in Area IV: Ministry in Religion major

Change Youth Ministry major requirements:
Religion Core Requirement 9 hours
RELI 111, 112, and 200
Major Studies
Youth Ministry 18 hours
RELI 230, 342 or 352, 351, 353, 450, and 469
Religion Courses 18 hours

25. Curriculum Committee Guidelines and Procedures

Approved modifications to Curriculum Committee Guidelines and Procedures (see attached document reflecting all revisions:

1. Delete term/category Project
2. All courses not classified as a regular catalog course would be classified as a Special/Advanced Topic Course
3. All new Special/Advanced Topic courses must be submitted to the Curriculum Committee for approval
4. A previously approved Special/Advanced Topic course not offered in the previous three (3) academic years of the projected course offering must be submitted to the Curriculum Committee for approval
5. A previously approved Special/Advanced Topic course offered in the previous three (3) academic years of the projected course offering and proposing changes requiring Curriculum Committee action must be resubmitted for approval
6. All courses whether new proposals or current regular catalog or Special/Advanced Topic that are proposed for on-line delivery must submit additional documentation to demonstrate comparability to traditional course offerings including:
a. Projected instruction/learning hours for credit allocated
b. Quantity and level of course requirements for credit allocated and course level
c. Faculty-student and student-student interaction during the course
d. Accessibility of students to faculty
7. A listing of projected Maymester regular catalog courses will not be submitted directly to the Curriculum Committee for review. The Executive Committee will review all proposed Maymester offerings including Special/Advanced Topic courses approved by the full Curriculum Committee and regular catalog courses projected by departments.

26. Liberal Arts Core Assessment

The subcommittee of the Curriculum Committee appointed for the assessment of the Liberal Arts Core were:

Dr. Marian Larisey, Curriculum Committee and School of Nursing
Dr. Scott Yarbrough, Curriculum Committee and College of Humanities and Social Sciences
Mr. Ted Blanchard, School of Business
Dr. Don Clerico, School of Education
Mrs. Elizabeth Barrow, College of Science and Mathematics
Dr. Mary Luton, College of Humanities and Social Sciences

Reviewed and approved (1) Liberal Arts Core Assessment Plan Data Summaries and Use of Results for May Graduates 2002/2003-2004/2005, (2) Faculty Survey Summaries, and (3) Academic Profile Summary Report (see attached). Chair of Curriculum Committee will distribute to deans and department chairs for review and feedback.

Approved recommendations from Spring 2004 LAC Assessment Subcommittee
with follow up from Spring 2005 Subcommittee

1. Review the LAC purpose statement for clarity, currency, and relevancy.

The purpose statement has been in place since 1993. There is no record of this being reviewed since that time.

Action Spring 2005: The purpose statement was reviewed. The purpose statement contained reference to two of the five life preparation concepts. Recommendation: The statement be revised to reflect all life preparation concepts.

Approved Statement: The Liberal Arts Core curriculum is designed to ensure that graduates of Charleston Southern University have achieved a capacity for values and ethics, communication, leadership, service, and wellness. This derives from the graduates’ ability to articulate capably a basic understanding of human history, culture and relationships, the arts, literature, mathematics and natural sciences, and to reflect upon these in terms of a Christian vision of life.

2. Review the LAC goals and required courses for clarity, currency, relevancy, and breadth.

The current LAC goals and courses have been in place since 1993. There is no record of the goals, and therefore the courses, being reviewed since that time. The current core curriculum has been in existence since 1985. It was first titled Basic Studies which changed to Liberal Arts Core in 1998.

Action Spring 2005:
The goals and courses in the LAC to meet the goals were reviewed. Recommendation: Delete the Wellness goal. As a life preparation concept, wellness is listed in the proposed new purpose statement.

Approved Goals
The Liberal Arts Core Curriculum has been developed to implement the Mission, Vision, and Five Life Preparation Concepts of the University by fulfilling the following goals in the academic life of the students:

1. Christian World View: Students achieve an understanding of the Christian vision of the world, along with the nature and destiny of humanity. (RELI 111 or 112)
2. Communication: Students become skilled practitioners in the art, science, and technology of communication. (ENGL 111, ENGL 112, COMM 110 or 212, COIN 209 or EDUC 221)
3. Culture: Students become well grounded in the development of western culture and are introduced to at least one other major culture. (HIST 101 or 102 or 103, RELI 111 or 112)
4. Fine Arts: Students understand the diverse ways in which the human experience is conceived and communicated through artistic form. (ART 201 or 202 or MUSI 171 or 371)
5. Literature: Students explore the human condition through great works of literature. (ENGL 201 or 202, WRLD 213 or SPAN 213 or FREN 213 or FREN, SPAN language course or any other foreign language at the 200 level)
6. Mathematics and Natural Science: Students understand the fundamental principles of the natural sciences, the empirical method, and mathematics. (MATH 105 or 111 or higher, two different lab sciences chosen from BIOL, CHEM, GEOL, PHYS)
7. Social Sciences: Students understand individual and human relationships in groups, communities, and societies. (ECON 211 or 212 or PSYC 200 or SOCI 201 or EDUC 201 or KINE 201 + one additional HIST or POLI)

3. Review LAC goal #8 Wellness in relation to the required LAC courses.

The goal for Wellness states that “students begin a life-long development of physical, mental, emotional, social, and spiritual well-being.”

The LAC distribution of courses does not reflect that all students complete a course or courses where this goal is specifically addressed. While many students take KINE 201 Personal and Community Health and many freshmen take GNED 101 Freshman Seminar which specifically addresses wellness issues, there is no current LAC course requirement for all students. Consider deleting the goal or examine whether a required course/s should be included for all students.

Action Spring 2005:
The LAC distribution of courses does not reflect that all students complete a course or courses where this goal is specifically addressed. Recommendation: Delete the Wellness goal. As a life preparation concept, wellness is listed in the proposed new purpose statement. See #2 above.

4. In order to better reflect the goals of the Liberal Arts Core curriculum and the organizational structure of CSU academics, consider modifying the categories for distribution of courses. This should be done concurrently with #1, #2, and #3 above. Input should be obtained from faculty through the Faculty Surveys to assist with this consideration.

The current distribution has three categories of Communication and Fine Arts, Social Studies, and Natural Sciences. From an assessment perspective, the goals and academic areas are not clearly reflected in these categories. For example: (1) Social Studies is not a term typically used for courses in Higher Education. (2) The concept of Humanities is not delineated in the current categories. CSU has a College of Humanities and Social Sciences.

Action Spring 2005:
Recommendation: The University appoint a Task Force/Special Committee to review general education and especially the LAC. The Task Force/Special Committee would consist of faculty representatives from the academic areas and other areas on campus that have direct input into the general education areas such as the Student Success Center and Student Affairs. The Task Force/Special Committee would be given a designated period of time, i.e. two years, for the review and recommendations to the University and the Curriculum Committee regarding general education and the LAC. The Curriculum Committee would maintain its role through a small subcommittee of assessing the LAC and reporting the results and any recommendations to the full Committee.

5. Conduct faculty surveys at least every three (3) years related to their opinion and assessment of the Liberal Arts Core curriculum. This would begin in Spring 2004 with a follow-up in Spring 2005.

Action Spring 2005:
The faculty surveys were first done in Fall 2004 with the results included in the LAC Assessment Data Summary in the appropriate areas. The comments and other quantifiable results were shared with the Curriculum Committee, Academic Council, and Deans Council. If a Task Force/Special Committee is appointed as recommended in #3 above, the faculty survey data would be used as part of their review.

One area on the faculty surveys that appear to demand attention is question #6 on Faculty Survey (2). The question is “Students understand the purpose and goals of the Liberal Arts Core curriculum.” Based on a 1-4 scale with 1 being Strongly Disagree, 71.4% of the faculty responding to the survey Disagree/Strongly Disagree that students understand the purpose and goals of the LAC.

Recommendation:
1. All Freshman Seminar sections include a class about the LAC. Some professors indicate that this is done. It is not done on a consistent basis. A learning module might be helpful for all professors to use.
2. LAC overview be included in new student orientations.
3. All courses that are listed in the LAC categories indicate in the course syllabus that the course meets the LAC requirement, the category, and which goal it meets.
4. At the beginning of a course that meets an LAC requirement, the course instructor review the LAC requirement and how the course meets the goals of the LAC.
5. Put this issue on a CSU faculty agenda with encouragement for all faculty/advisors to review the purpose and goals of the LAC.

6. A subcommittee of the Curriculum Committee will be appointed on a yearly basis by the Chair of the Curriculum Committee in consultation with the Provost to be responsible for the LAC Assessment Plan. The subcommittee will be composed of Curriculum Committee members and other faculty.

Action Spring 2005:
Recommendation: The subcommittee would continue in relation to the Assessment Plan. For a long term, intense review, it is recommended that the University appoint a Task Force/Special Committee to review general education and especially the LAC. The Task Force/Special Committee would consist of faculty representatives from the academic areas and other areas on campus that have direct input into the general education areas such as the Student Success Center and Student Affairs. The Task Force/Special Committee would be given a designated period of time, i.e. two years, for the review and recommendations to the University and the Curriculum Committee regarding general education and the LAC.

Report Submitted by:

Marian M. Larisey, Chair
Curriculum Committee 2004-2005